RIBERA

José de Ribera nació en una familia acomodada de Valencia que había esperanzas, más grandes para él que la vida de un artista. Se cree que estudió con Francisco Ribalta, pero se trasladó a Roma como un hombre joven en 1611. Recibió el patrocinio de un cardenal y se convirtió en un seguidor de Caravaggio, que era muy respetado como una sombra-pintor o tenebroso. Era conocido por sus compañeros artistas como Lo Spagnoletto, `El pequeño español`.

Januarius aumento del horno.

We know he also spent some time in Parma, during which period he created Jacob`s Ladder. He moved to Naples to marry Azzolino`s daughter and flourished as the region was then part of the Spanish Empire. He was commissioned by the Viceroy, the Duke of Osuna, to produce a series of important works. He created a range of important prints in this period, though few have survived.

Jacob's dream

When his patron, Osuna returned to Spain, Ribera struggled for a while, but in the late 1620s he eventually became recognised as the leading painter in Naples.His influence stretched back to Spain as several of his paintings were taken back by influential members of the Spanish upper class, and dealers bought his etchings. Certainly it appears that the likes of Velazquez and Murillo were influenced by Ribera`s style.

Martyrdom of St Bartholomew

Cuando su patrón, Osuna regresó a España, Ribera luchado por un tiempo, pero en finales de la década de 1620 que finalmente ha sido reconocido como el primer pintor en Naples.Su influencia se extendió a España, ya que varios de sus cuadros fueron retirados por miembros influyentes de la clase alta española, y los distribuidores compraron sus grabados. Ciertamente, parece que la talla de Velázquez y Murillo fueron influenciados por el estilo de Ribera.

Martirio de San Bartolomé

There are records that suggest Ribera jealously guarded his status as the head of the Neapolitan art world and the financial rewards which ensued from leading commissions. He led the Cabal of Naples who were ruthless in the protection of the spoils of the local art world which they monopolised.

Retablo in Salamanca

In the mid 1600s Ribera`s health faltered and he could not generate so much personal work. Also around that time, there was an Italian rising against the Spanish, and Ribera felt vulnerable as a Spanish subject with such obvious Spanish patronage. His financial situation deteriorated up to his death in 1652.

Venus and Adonis

En materia de salud a mediados de 1600 de Ribera falló y no pudo generar mucho trabajo personal. También en esa época, hubo una rebelion de Italia contra los españoles, y la Ribera se sentía vulnerable como un súbdito español con tal patronazgo español obvio. Su situación financiera se deterioró hasta su muerte en 1652.

Venus y Adonis